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2015 ; 6
(18
): 1345-54
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Osteocalcin as a hormone regulating glucose metabolism
#MMPMID26722618
Kanazawa I
World J Diabetes
2015[Dec]; 6
(18
): 1345-54
PMID26722618
show ga
The number of patients with osteoporosis and diabetes is rapidly increasing all
over the world. Bone is recently recognized as an endocrine organ. Accumulating
evidence has shown that osteocalcin, which is specifically expressed in
osteoblasts and secreted into the circulation, regulates glucose homeostasis by
stimulating insulin expression in pancreas and adiponectin expression in
adipocytes, resulting in improving glucose intolerance. On the other hand,
insulin and adiponectin stimulate osteocalcin expression in osteoblasts,
suggesting that positive feedforward loops exist among bone, pancreas, and
adipose tissue. In addition, recent studies have shown that osteocalcin enhances
insulin sensitivity and the differentiation in muscle, while secreted factors
from muscle, myokines, regulate bone metabolism. These findings suggest that bone
metabolism and glucose metabolism are associated with each other through the
action of osteocalcin. In this review, I describe the role of osteocalcin in the
interaction among bone, pancreas, brain, adipose tissue, and muscle.