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2014 ; 6
(6
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Origin of spliceosomal introns and alternative splicing
#MMPMID24890509
Irimia M
; Roy SW
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
2014[Jun]; 6
(6
): ä PMID24890509
show ga
In this work we review the current knowledge on the prehistory, origins, and
evolution of spliceosomal introns. First, we briefly outline the major features
of the different types of introns, with particular emphasis on the
nonspliceosomal self-splicing group II introns, which are widely thought to be
the ancestors of spliceosomal introns. Next, we discuss the main scenarios
proposed for the origin and proliferation of spliceosomal introns, an event
intimately linked to eukaryogenesis. We then summarize the evidence that suggests
that the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA) had remarkably high intron
densities and many associated characteristics resembling modern intron-rich
genomes. From this intron-rich LECA, the different eukaryotic lineages have taken
very distinct evolutionary paths leading to profoundly diverged modern genome
structures. Finally, we discuss the origins of alternative splicing and the
qualitative differences in alternative splicing forms and functions across
lineages.