Warning: file_get_contents(https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=25614958
&cmd=llinks): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 215
Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 213.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534
Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\25614958
.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 Traffic
2015 ; 16
(4
): 327-337
Nephropedia Template TP
gab.com Text
Twit Text FOAVip
Twit Text #
English Wikipedia
Organizing polarized delivery of exosomes at synapses
#MMPMID25614958
Mittelbrunn M
; Vicente Manzanares M
; Sánchez-Madrid F
Traffic
2015[Apr]; 16
(4
): 327-337
PMID25614958
show ga
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that transport different molecules between
cells. They are formed and stored inside multivesicular bodies (MVB) until they
are released to the extracellular environment. MVB fuse along the plasma
membrane, driving non-polarized secretion of exosomes. However, polarized
signaling potentially directs MVBs to a specific point in the plasma membrane to
mediate a focal delivery of exosomes. MVB polarization occurs across a broad set
of cellular situations, e.g. in immune and neuronal synapses, cell migration and
in epithelial sheets. In this review, we summarize the current state of the art
of polarized MVB docking and the specification of secretory sites at the plasma
membrane. The current view is that MVB positioning and subsequent exosome
delivery requires a polarizing, cytoskeletal dependent-trafficking mechanism. In
this context, we propose scenarios in which biochemical and mechanical signals
could drive the polarized delivery of exosomes in highly polarized cells, such as
lymphocytes, neurons and epithelia.