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2017 ; 35
(3
): 215-226
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Optogenetic Immunomodulation: Shedding Light on Antitumor Immunity
#MMPMID27692897
Tan P
; He L
; Han G
; Zhou Y
Trends Biotechnol
2017[Mar]; 35
(3
): 215-226
PMID27692897
show ga
Microbial opsin-based optogenetic tools have been transformative for
neuroscience. To extend optogenetic approaches to the immune system to remotely
control immune responses with superior spatiotemporal precision, pioneering tools
have recently been crafted to modulate lymphocyte trafficking, inflammasome
activation, dendritic cell (DC) maturation, and antitumor immunity through the
photoactivation of engineered chemokine receptors and calcium release-activated
calcium channels. We highlight herein some conceptual design strategies for
installing light sensitivities into the immune signaling network and, in
parallel, we propose potential solutions for in vivo optogenetic applications in
living organisms with near-infrared light-responsive upconversion nanomaterials.
Moreover, to move beyond proof-of-concept into translational applications, we
discuss future prospects for integrating personalized immunoengineering with
optogenetics to overcome critical hurdles in cancer immunotherapy.