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2016 ; 6
(3
): 273-83
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Oncometabolic Nuclear Reprogramming of Cancer Stemness
#MMPMID26876667
Menendez JA
; Corominas-Faja B
; Cuyàs E
; García MG
; Fernández-Arroyo S
; Fernández AF
; Joven J
; Fraga MF
; Alarcón T
Stem Cell Reports
2016[Mar]; 6
(3
): 273-83
PMID26876667
show ga
By impairing histone demethylation and locking cells into a reprogramming-prone
state, oncometabolites can partially mimic the process of induced pluripotent
stem cell generation. Using a systems biology approach, combining mathematical
modeling, computation, and proof-of-concept studies with live cells, we found
that an oncometabolite-driven pathological version of nuclear reprogramming
increases the speed and efficiency of dedifferentiating committed epithelial
cells into stem-like states with only a minimal core of stemness transcription
factors. Our biomathematical model, which introduces nucleosome modification and
epigenetic regulation of cell differentiation genes to account for the direct
effects of oncometabolites on nuclear reprogramming, demonstrates that
oncometabolites markedly lower the "energy barriers" separating non-stem and stem
cell attractors, diminishes the average time of nuclear reprogramming, and
increases the size of the basin of attraction of the macrostate occupied by stem
cells. These findings establish the concept of oncometabolic nuclear
reprogramming of stemness as a bona fide metabolo-epigenetic mechanism for
generation of cancer stem-like cells.