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2017 ; 27
(5
): 680-687
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Object-Detecting Neurons in Drosophila
#MMPMID28190726
Kele? MF
; Frye MA
Curr Biol
2017[Mar]; 27
(5
): 680-687
PMID28190726
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Many animals rely on vision to detect objects such as conspecifics, predators,
and prey. Hypercomplex cells found in feline cortex and small target motion
detectors found in dragonfly and hoverfly optic lobes demonstrate robust tuning
for small objects, with weak or no response to larger objects or movement of the
visual panorama [1-3]. However, the relationship among anatomical, molecular, and
functional properties of object detection circuitry is not understood. Here we
characterize a specialized object detector in Drosophila, the lobula columnar
neuron LC11 [4]. By imaging calcium dynamics with two-photon excitation
microscopy, we show that LC11 responds to the omni-directional movement of a
small object darker than the background, with little or no responses to static
flicker, vertically elongated bars, or panoramic gratings. LC11 dendrites
innervate multiple layers of the lobula, and each dendrite spans enough columns
to sample 75° of visual space, yet the area that evokes calcium responses is only
20° wide and shows robust responses to a 2.2° object spanning less than half of
one facet of the compound eye. The dendrites of neighboring LC11s encode object
motion retinotopically, but the axon terminals fuse into a glomerular structure
in the central brain where retinotopy is lost. Blocking inhibitory ionic currents
abolishes small object sensitivity and facilitates responses to elongated bars
and gratings. Our results reveal high-acuity object motion detection in the
Drosophila optic lobe.
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