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Genes (Basel)
2015[Mar]; 6
(2
): 163-84
PMID25836925
show ga
Transport of messenger RNA (mRNA) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is an
essential step of eukaryotic gene expression. In the cell nucleus, a precursor
mRNA undergoes a series of processing steps, including capping at the 5' ends,
splicing and cleavage/polyadenylation at the 3' ends. During this process, the
mRNA associates with a wide variety of proteins, forming a messenger
ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particle. Association with factors involved in nuclear
export also occurs during transcription and processing, and thus nuclear export
is fully integrated into mRNA maturation. The coupling between mRNA maturation
and nuclear export is an important mechanism for providing only fully functional
and competent mRNA to the cytoplasmic translational machinery, thereby ensuring
accuracy and swiftness of gene expression. This review describes the molecular
mechanism of nuclear mRNA export mediated by the principal transport factors,
including Tap-p15 and the TREX complex.