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2014 ; 307
(12
): L924-35
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Novel regulators of endothelial barrier function
#MMPMID25381026
Mehta D
; Ravindran K
; Kuebler WM
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
2014[Dec]; 307
(12
): L924-35
PMID25381026
show ga
Endothelial barrier function is an essential and tightly regulated process that
ensures proper compartmentalization of the vascular and interstitial space, while
allowing for the diffusive exchange of small molecules and the controlled
trafficking of macromolecules and immune cells. Failure to control endothelial
barrier integrity results in excessive leakage of fluid and proteins from the
vasculature that can rapidly become fatal in scenarios such as sepsis or the
acute respiratory distress syndrome. Here, we highlight recent advances in our
understanding on the regulation of endothelial permeability, with a specific
focus on the endothelial glycocalyx and endothelial scaffolds, regulatory
intracellular signaling cascades, as well as triggers and mediators that either
disrupt or enhance endothelial barrier integrity, and provide our perspective as
to areas of seeming controversy and knowledge gaps, respectively.