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2016 ; 13
(1
): 25-40
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Novel immunotherapies in lymphoid malignancies
#MMPMID26525683
Batlevi CL
; Matsuki E
; Brentjens RJ
; Younes A
Nat Rev Clin Oncol
2016[Jan]; 13
(1
): 25-40
PMID26525683
show ga
The success of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab in the treatment of
lymphoid malignancies provided proof-of-principle for exploiting the immune
system therapeutically. Since the FDA approval of rituximab in 1997, several
novel strategies that harness the ability of T cells to target cancer cells have
emerged. Reflecting on the promising clinical efficacy of these novel
immunotherapy approaches, the FDA has recently granted 'breakthrough' designation
to three novel treatments with distinct mechanisms. First, chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy is promising for the treatment of adult and
paediatric relapsed and/or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).
Second, blinatumomab, a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE(®)) antibody, is now
approved for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia-chromosome-negative
relapsed and/or refractory B-precursor ALL. Finally, the monoclonal antibody
nivolumab, which targets the PD-1 immune-checkpoint receptor with high affinity,
is used for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma following treatment failure with
autologous-stem-cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin. Herein, we review
the background and development of these three distinct immunotherapy platforms,
address the scientific advances in understanding the mechanism of action of each
therapy, and assess the current clinical knowledge of their efficacy and safety.
We also discuss future strategies to improve these immunotherapies through
enhanced engineering, biomarker selection, and mechanism-based combination
regimens.
|Adult
[MESH]
|Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Agents/*therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
[MESH]
free
free
free
