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2016 ; 8
(2
): 211-9
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Novel epigenetic-based therapies useful in cardiovascular medicine
#MMPMID26981216
Napoli C
; Grimaldi V
; De Pascale MR
; Sommese L
; Infante T
; Soricelli A
World J Cardiol
2016[Feb]; 8
(2
): 211-9
PMID26981216
show ga
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and
microRNA. Gene alterations have been found to be associated with cardiovascular
diseases, and epigenetic mechanisms are continuously being studied to find new
useful strategies for the clinical management of afflicted patients. Numerous
cardiovascular disorders are characterized by the abnormal methylation of CpG
islands and so specific drugs that could inhibit DNA methyltransferase directly
or by reducing its gene expression (e.g., hydralazine and procainamide) are
currently under investigation. The anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory
properties of histone deacetylase inhibitors and their cardio-protective effects
have been confirmed in preclinical studies. Furthermore, the regulation of the
expression of microRNA targets through pharmacological tools is still under
development. Indeed, large controlled trials are required to establish whether
current possible candidate antisense microRNAs could offer better therapeutic
benefits in clinical practice. Here, we updated therapeutic properties, side
effects, and feasibility of emerging epigenetic-based strategies in
cardiovascular diseases by highlighting specific problematic issues that still
affect the development of large scale novel therapeutic protocols.