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2017 ; 2017
(ä): 2595098
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Novel Implications in Molecular Diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome
#MMPMID28250766
Liccardo R
; De Rosa M
; Izzo P
; Duraturo F
Gastroenterol Res Pract
2017[]; 2017
(ä): 2595098
PMID28250766
show ga
About 10% of total colorectal cancers are associated with known Mendelian
inheritance, as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome (LS). In
these cancer types the clinical manifestations of disease are due to mutations in
high-risk alleles, with a penetrance at least of 70%. The LS is associated with
germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. However, the mutation
detection analysis of these genes does not always provide informative results for
genetic counseling of LS patients. Very often, the molecular analysis reveals the
presence of variants of unknown significance (VUSs) whose interpretation is not
easy and requires the combination of different analytical strategies to get a
proper assessment of their pathogenicity. In some cases, these VUSs may make a
more substantial overall contribution to cancer risk than the well-assessed
severe Mendelian variants. Moreover, it could also be possible that the
simultaneous presence of these genetic variants in several MMR genes that behave
as low risk alleles might contribute in a cooperative manner to increase the risk
of hereditary cancer. In this paper, through a review of the recent literature,
we have speculated a novel inheritance model in the Lynch syndrome; this could
pave the way toward new diagnostic perspectives.