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2015 ; 22
(2
): 77-85
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Noncoding RNAs in ? cell biology
#MMPMID25692923
Singer RA
; Arnes L
; Sussel L
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes
2015[Apr]; 22
(2
): 77-85
PMID25692923
show ga
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The identification and characterization of essential islet
transcription factors have improved our understanding of ? cell development,
provided insights into many of the cellular dysfunctions related to diabetes, and
facilitated the successful generation of ? cells from alternative cell sources.
Recently, noncoding RNAs have emerged as a novel set of molecules that may
represent missing components of the known islet regulatory pathways. The purpose
of this article is to highlight studies that have implicated noncoding RNAs as
important regulators of pancreas cell development and ? cell function. RECENT
FINDINGS: Disruption of essential components of the microRNA processing
machinery, in addition to misregulation of individual microRNAs, has revealed the
importance of microRNAs in pancreas development and ? cell function. Furthermore,
over 1000 islet-specific long noncoding RNAs have been identified in mouse and
human islets, suggesting that this class of noncoding molecules will also play
important functional roles in the ? cell. SUMMARY: The analysis of noncoding RNAs
in the pancreas will provide important new insights into pancreatic regulatory
processes that will improve our ability to understand and treat diabetes, and may
facilitate the generation of replacement ? cells from alternative cell sources.
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