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2006 ; 2
(4
): 282-291
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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Clinical Features and Pathogenesis
#MMPMID28286458
Basaranoglu M
; Neuschwander-Tetri BA
Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)
2006[Apr]; 2
(4
): 282-291
PMID28286458
show ga
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a spectrum of liver
abnormalities from benign steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH
is characterized by chronic and progressive liver pathology and can cause
advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, end-stage liver disease,
and liver-related death. Unlike other forms of chronic liver disease, NAFLD is
usually associated with insulin resistance and often at least one feature of the
metabolic syndrome (obesity, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridemia, low
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hypertension). Although its progression
rate may be slower than that of other types of liver disease, the incidence of
both NAFLD and its sequelae is increasing throughout the world in parallel with
the obesity epidemic. One of the important and unresolved problems is the
pathogenesis of hepatocyte injury in NASH. The natural history of NAFLD remains
unclear because of the paucity of histologic follow-up studies. Although there
have been recent attempts to identify treatments for NAFLD, currently there is no
well-established and approved therapy. Lifestyle modifications that include
increased exercise and weight reduction address the underlying insulin resistance
and may be the best advice for patients.