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2015 ; 16
(ä): 449-53
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Non-Systemic Vasculitic Neuropathy: An Enigmatic Clinical Entity
#MMPMID26167722
Lubana SS
; Singh N
; Sanelli-Russo S
; Abrudescu A
Am J Case Rep
2015[Jul]; 16
(ä): 449-53
PMID26167722
show ga
BACKGROUND: Non-systemic vasculitic peripheral neuropathy is a rare condition
characterized by necrotizing inflammation resulting in luminal narrowing of the
vasa nervorum, leading to ischemic injury to peripheral nerves. Here, we present
the case of 63-year-old woman with subacute onset of severe hyperesthesia of the
lower extremities accompanied by foot drop. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old woman with
prolonged history of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus presented with subacute onset
of severe bilateral lower extremity hyperesthesia and motor weakness along with
left-sided foot drop. She had multiple emergency room visits with no relief of
her symptoms. High doses of analgesics were insufficient to control pain.
Laboratory tests were positive only for high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and
C-reactive protein. A skin biopsy obtained 5 cm above the left lateral malleolus
revealed medium-sized dermal vasculitis with dense mononuclear infiltrate.
Electromyography showed peripheral neuropathy. A nerve biopsy was needed to
reveal the exact diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of non-systemic vasculitic
peripheral neuropathy can be delayed or missed in patients with uncontrolled
diabetes mellitus, leading to significant morbidity. Elevated markers of
inflammation in the absence of a possible explanation should prompt the clinician
to perform a nerve biopsy; however, it is an invasive procedure and is associated
with complications of post-neuropathic pain and delayed wound healing. Magnetic
resonance angiography of the lower limbs, if combined with skin biopsy, can save
the patient from undergoing nerve biopsy.