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2015 ; 15
(1
): 19-28
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Neutrophil migration under normal and sepsis conditions
#MMPMID25567338
Lerman YV
; Kim M
Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets
2015[]; 15
(1
): 19-28
PMID25567338
show ga
Neutrophil migration is critical for pathogen clearance and host survival during
severe sepsis. Interaction of neutrophil adhesion receptors with ligands on
endothelial cells results in firm adhesion of the circulating neutrophils,
followed by neutrophil activation and directed migration to sites of infection
through the basement membrane and interstitial extracellular matrix. Proteolytic
enzymes and reactive oxygen species are produced and released by neutrophils in
response to a variety of inflammatory stimuli. Although these mediators are
important for host defense, they also promote tissue damage. Excessive neutrophil
migration during the early stages of sepsis may lead to an exaggerated
inflammatory response with associated tissue damage and subsequent organ
dysfunction. On the other hand, dysregulation of migration and insufficient
migratory response that occurs during the latter stages of severe sepsis
contributes to neutrophils' inability to contain and control infection and
impaired wound healing. This review discusses the major steps and associated
molecules involved in the balance of neutrophil trafficking, the precise
regulation of which during sepsis spells life or death for the host.
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