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2015 ; 2015
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Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: a diagnostic challenge
#MMPMID25743864
Sommerlad A
; Duncan J
; Lunn MP
; Foong J
BMJ Case Rep
2015[Mar]; 2015
(ä): ä PMID25743864
show ga
A 58-year-old woman presented to neuropsychiatric services with increased
frequency of confusional episodes and intermittent psychotic symptoms. She had a
19-year history of atypical epileptic seizures and cognitive decline. Detailed
review of history and clinical investigations revealed that she had accumulated
sufficient features to meet diagnostic criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus
(SLE). She had previously had lymphopenia and a malar rash; she had positive
antinuclear, anti-Ro (anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A) and anti-SM
(anti-Smith Antibody) antibodies, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
The seizures, cognitive impairment and psychosis were attributable to
neuropsychiatric SLE. Treatment with immune-modulating therapy, cyclophosphamide,
resulted in significant improvement in subjective and objective clinical
presentation. Neuropsychiatric SLE should be considered a potential differential
diagnosis for patients presenting with seizures, psychotic symptoms or cognitive
decline. A detailed clinical evaluation with review of the medical history and
appropriate laboratory analyses allows this diagnosis to be made, and appropriate
treatment to be initiated.
|Cognition Disorders/etiology
[MESH]
|Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Diagnosis, Differential
[MESH]
|Female
[MESH]
|Follow-Up Studies
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
[MESH]
|Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System/complications/*diagnosis/drug therapy
[MESH]