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2016 ; 5
(4
): 135-143
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Neurological manifestations of Zika virus infection
#MMPMID27878100
Blázquez AB
; Saiz JC
World J Virol
2016[Nov]; 5
(4
): 135-143
PMID27878100
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Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus (Flaviviridae family) transmitted mainly by
Aedes mosquitoes. The virus was restricted to the African continent until its
spread to south-east Asia in the 1980's, the Micronesia in 2007, the French
Polynesia in 2013 and, more recently in the Americas in 2015, where, up to date,
the World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated about 3-4 million total cases
of ZIKV infection. During outbreaks in the French Polynesia and Brazil in 2013
and 2015, respectively, national health authorities reported potential
neurological complications of ZIKV disease, chiefly an upsurge in Guillain-Barré
syndrome, which coincided with ZIKV outbreaks. On the other hand, the emergence
of ZIKV in Brazil has been associated with a striking increase in the number of
reported cases of microcephaly in fetus and newborns, twenty times higher than in
that reported in previous years. While investigations are currently assessing
whether there is an actual association between neurological complications and
ZIKV infections, the evidence was enough worrisome for WHO to declare a public
health emergency of international concern. Here we present an updated review
addressing what is currently known about the possible association between ZIKV
infection and the development of severe neurological disorders.
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