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2015 ; 38
(ä): 105-25
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Neurological aspects of human glycosylation disorders
#MMPMID25840006
Freeze HH
; Eklund EA
; Ng BG
; Patterson MC
Annu Rev Neurosci
2015[Jul]; 38
(ä): 105-25
PMID25840006
show ga
This review presents principles of glycosylation, describes the relevant
glycosylation pathways and their related disorders, and highlights some of the
neurological aspects and issues that continue to challenge researchers. More than
100 rare human genetic disorders that result from deficiencies in the different
glycosylation pathways are known today. Most of these disorders impact the
central and/or peripheral nervous systems. Patients typically have developmental
delays/intellectual disabilities, hypotonia, seizures, neuropathy, and metabolic
abnormalities in multiple organ systems. Among these disorders there is great
clinical diversity because all cell types differentially glycosylate proteins and
lipids. The patients have hundreds of misglycosylated products, which afflict a
myriad of processes, including cell signaling, cell-cell interaction, and cell
migration. This vast complexity in glycan composition and function, along with
the limited availability of analytic tools, has impeded the identification of key
glycosylated molecules that cause pathologies. To date, few critical target
proteins have been pinpointed.