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2018 ; 13
(5
): 501-512
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Neural mechanisms of the rejection-aggression link
#MMPMID29618118
Chester DS
; Lynam DR
; Milich R
; DeWall CN
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci
2018[May]; 13
(5
): 501-512
PMID29618118
show ga
Social rejection is a painful event that often increases aggression. However, the
neural mechanisms of this rejection-aggression link remain unclear. A potential
clue may be that rejected people often recruit the ventrolateral prefrontal
cortex's (VLPFC) self-regulatory processes to manage the pain of rejection. Using
functional MRI, we replicated previous links between rejection and activity in
the brain's mentalizing network, social pain network and VLPFC. VLPFC recruitment
during rejection was associated with greater activity in the brain's reward
network (i.e. the ventral striatum) when individuals were given an opportunity to
retaliate. This retaliation-related striatal response was associated with greater
levels of retaliatory aggression. Dispositionally aggressive individuals
exhibited less functional connectivity between the ventral striatum and the right
VLPFC during aggression. This connectivity exerted a suppressing effect on
dispositionally aggressive individuals' greater aggressive responses to
rejection. These results help explain how the pain of rejection and reward of
revenge motivate rejected people to behave aggressively.
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