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10.1038/nature13665 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.1038/nature13665 C4393644!4393644 !25164754     free     free     free Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\25164754 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Nature 2014 ; 512 (7515 ): 423-6 Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=25164754 |t=2014. Neural constraints on learning |pdf=|usr=}}{{25164754 }} gab.com Text Neural constraints on learning JO: Nature http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25164754 #FOAvip Learning, whether motor, sensory or cognitive, requires networks of neurons to generate new activity patterns. As some behaviours are easier to learn than others, we asked if some neural activity patterns are easier to generate than others. Here we investigate whether an existing network constrains the patterns that a subset of its neurons is capable of exhibiting, and if so, what principles define this constraint. We employed a closed-loop intracortical brain-computer interface learning paradigm in which Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) controlled a computer cursor by modulating neural activity patterns in the primary motor cortex. Using the brain-computer interface paradigm, we could specify and alter how neural activity mapped to cursor velocity. At the start of each session, we observed the characteristic activity patterns of the recorded neural population. The activity of a neural population can be represented in a high-dimensional space (termed the neural space), wherein each dimension corresponds to the activity of one neuron. These characteristic activity patterns comprise a low-dimensional subspace (termed the intrinsic manifold) within the neural space. The intrinsic manifold presumably reflects constraints imposed by the underlying neural circuitry. Here we show that the animals could readily learn to proficiently control the cursor using neural activity patterns that were within the intrinsic manifold. However, animals were less able to learn to proficiently control the cursor using activity patterns that were outside of the intrinsic manifold. These results suggest that the existing structure of a network can shape learning. On a timescale of hours, it seems to be difficult to learn to generate neural activity patterns that are not consistent with the existing network structure. These findings offer a network-level explanation for the observation that we are more readily able to learn new skills when they are related to the skills that we already possess. Twit Text FOAVip Neural constraints on learning ????Nature http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25164754 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=25164754 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|25164754 }}</ref> Neural constraints on learning #MMPMID25164754 Sadtler PT ; Quick KM ; Golub MD ; Chase SM ; Ryu SI ; Tyler-Kabara EC ; Yu BM ; Batista AP Nature 2014[Aug]; 512 (7515 ): 423-6 PMID25164754 show ga Learning, whether motor, sensory or cognitive, requires networks of neurons to generate new activity patterns. As some behaviours are easier to learn than others, we asked if some neural activity patterns are easier to generate than others. Here we investigate whether an existing network constrains the patterns that a subset of its neurons is capable of exhibiting, and if so, what principles define this constraint. We employed a closed-loop intracortical brain-computer interface learning paradigm in which Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) controlled a computer cursor by modulating neural activity patterns in the primary motor cortex. Using the brain-computer interface paradigm, we could specify and alter how neural activity mapped to cursor velocity. At the start of each session, we observed the characteristic activity patterns of the recorded neural population. The activity of a neural population can be represented in a high-dimensional space (termed the neural space), wherein each dimension corresponds to the activity of one neuron. These characteristic activity patterns comprise a low-dimensional subspace (termed the intrinsic manifold) within the neural space. The intrinsic manifold presumably reflects constraints imposed by the underlying neural circuitry. Here we show that the animals could readily learn to proficiently control the cursor using neural activity patterns that were within the intrinsic manifold. However, animals were less able to learn to proficiently control the cursor using activity patterns that were outside of the intrinsic manifold. These results suggest that the existing structure of a network can shape learning. On a timescale of hours, it seems to be difficult to learn to generate neural activity patterns that are not consistent with the existing network structure. These findings offer a network-level explanation for the observation that we are more readily able to learn new skills when they are related to the skills that we already possess. |*Models, Neurological [MESH] |Animals [MESH] |Brain-Computer Interfaces [MESH] |Computers [MESH] |Learning/*physiology [MESH] |Macaca mulatta [MESH] |Male [MESH] |Motor Cortex/cytology/physiology [MESH] |Motor Skills/*physiology [MESH] |Nerve Net/cytology/physiology [MESH]Neural constraints on learning (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing