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2014 ; 79
(6
): 1088-1121
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Network Ecology and Adolescent Social Structure
#MMPMID25535409
McFarland DA
; Moody J
; Diehl D
; Smith JA
; Thomas RJ
Am Sociol Rev
2014[Dec]; 79
(6
): 1088-1121
PMID25535409
show ga
Adolescent societies-whether arising from weak, short-term classroom friendships
or from close, long-term friendships-exhibit various levels of network
clustering, segregation, and hierarchy. Some are rank-ordered caste systems and
others are flat, cliquish worlds. Explaining the source of such structural
variation remains a challenge, however, because global network features are
generally treated as the agglomeration of micro-level tie-formation mechanisms,
namely balance, homophily, and dominance. How do the same micro-mechanisms
generate significant variation in global network structures? To answer this
question we propose and test a network ecological theory that specifies the ways
features of organizational environments moderate the expression of tie-formation
processes, thereby generating variability in global network structures across
settings. We develop this argument using longitudinal friendship data on schools
(Add Health study) and classrooms (Classroom Engagement study), and by extending
exponential random graph models to the study of multiple societies over time.