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.jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117 J+Pediatr+Genet
2014 ; 3
(2
): 103-14
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Nephronophthisis
#MMPMID27625867
Srivastava S
; Sayer JA
J Pediatr Genet
2014[Jun]; 3
(2
): 103-14
PMID27625867
show ga
Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a childhood cystic kidney disease, which almost
invariably leads to end-stage renal disease in those affected. Recognition and
diagnosis requires clinical suspicion, biochemical evaluation, renal imaging and
historically, renal biopsy. Modern molecular genetics now allows a diagnosis to
be made in a significant proportion of cases. Mutations in NPHP1 account for 20%
of cases, but the disease is genetically heterogeneous with at least 20 different
genes associated with NPHP. Recent developments in the fields of genetics and
proteomics have led to increased understanding of the underlying pathogenetic
defects. Almost all NPHP genes encode proteins, which localize to the primary
cilia, basal body and centrosome. NPHP is a therefore considered to be a
ciliopathy, and can be part of a broad spectrum of clinical disease that includes
extra-renal manifestations including retinal degeneration, cerebellar ataxia,
liver fibrosis and situs inversus. In this review, we discuss the historical
descriptions of NPHP in the context of more recent developments in our
understanding of this disease.