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2016 ; 40
(4
): 494-519
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English Wikipedia
Neglected filoviruses
#MMPMID27268907
Burk R
; Bollinger L
; Johnson JC
; Wada J
; Radoshitzky SR
; Palacios G
; Bavari S
; Jahrling PB
; Kuhn JH
FEMS Microbiol Rev
2016[Jul]; 40
(4
): 494-519
PMID27268907
show ga
Eight viruses are currently assigned to the family Filoviridae Marburg virus,
Sudan virus and, in particular, Ebola virus have received the most attention both
by researchers and the public from 1967 to 2013. During this period, natural
human filovirus disease outbreaks occurred sporadically in Equatorial Africa and,
despite high case-fatality rates, never included more than several dozen to a few
hundred infections per outbreak. Research emphasis shifted almost exclusively to
Ebola virus in 2014, when this virus was identified as the cause of an outbreak
that has thus far involved more than 28 646 people and caused more than 11 323
deaths in Western Africa. Consequently, major efforts are currently underway to
develop licensed medical countermeasures against Ebola virus infection. However,
the ecology of and mechanisms behind Ebola virus emergence are as little
understood as they are for all other filoviruses. Consequently, the possibility
of the future occurrence of a large disease outbreak caused by other less
characterized filoviruses (i.e. Bundibugyo virus, Lloviu virus, Ravn virus,
Reston virus and Taļ Forest virus) is impossible to rule out. Yet, for many of
these viruses, not even rudimentary research tools are available, let alone
medical countermeasures. This review summarizes the current knowledge on these
less well-characterized filoviruses.