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2015 ; 2
(2
): e965638
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Necroptosis: Fifty shades of RIPKs
#MMPMID27308415
Ichim G
; Tait SW
Mol Cell Oncol
2015[Apr]; 2
(2
): e965638
PMID27308415
show ga
Apoptosis and necroptosis are 2 major, yet distinct, forms of regulated cell
death. Whereas apoptosis requires caspase protease function, necroptosis requires
activation of the receptor interacting protein kinases 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3.
Following activation, RIPK3 phosphorylates mixed-lineage kinase domain-like
(MLKL), leading to cell death. Apoptosis and necroptosis are deeply intertwined
such that a given death stimulus can often engage either form of cell death.
Recent studies published in Cell Death and Differentiation by the Han, Oberst,
and Vaux laboratories provide exciting new insights into necroptosis and how it
interconnects with apoptosis. As we will discuss, their findings address key
questions including: How does a cell choose between apoptosis or necroptosis? How
can RIPK3 also induce apoptosis? What is the nature of the RIPK1-3 signaling
cascade leading to necroptosis? Finally, data from the Oberst and Han groups
strongly argue that RIPK1 is not only involved in executing necroptosis, but also
protects against this process in some settings.