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Natural selection and infectious disease in human populations
#MMPMID24776769
Karlsson EK
; Kwiatkowski DP
; Sabeti PC
Nat Rev Genet
2014[Jun]; 15
(6
): 379-93
PMID24776769
show ga
The ancient biological 'arms race' between microbial pathogens and humans has
shaped genetic variation in modern populations, and this has important
implications for the growing field of medical genomics. As humans migrated
throughout the world, populations encountered distinct pathogens, and natural
selection increased the prevalence of alleles that are advantageous in the new
ecosystems in both host and pathogens. This ancient history now influences human
infectious disease susceptibility and microbiome homeostasis, and contributes to
common diseases that show geographical disparities, such as autoimmune and
metabolic disorders. Using new high-throughput technologies, analytical methods
and expanding public data resources, the investigation of natural selection is
leading to new insights into the function and dysfunction of human biology.