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2015 ; 10
(2
): 95-108
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Nanosizing of drugs: Effect on dissolution rate
#MMPMID26487886
Dizaj SM
; Vazifehasl Zh
; Salatin S
; Adibkia Kh
; Javadzadeh Y
Res Pharm Sci
2015[Mar]; 10
(2
): 95-108
PMID26487886
show ga
The solubility, bioavailability and dissolution rate of drugs are important
parameters for achieving in vivo efficiency. The bioavailability of orally
administered drugs depends on their ability to be absorbed via gastrointestinal
tract. For drugs belonging to Class II of pharmaceutical classification, the
absorption process is limited by drug dissolution rate in gastrointestinal media.
Therefore, enhancement of the dissolution rate of these drugs will present
improved bioavailability. So far several techniques such as physical and chemical
modifications, changing in crystal habits, solid dispersion, complexation,
solubilization and liquisolid method have been used to enhance the dissolution
rate of poorly water soluble drugs. It seems that improvement of the solubility
properties ofpoorly water soluble drugscan translate to an increase in their
bioavailability. Nowadays nanotechnology offers various approaches in the area of
dissolution enhancement of low aqueous soluble drugs. Nanosizing of drugs in the
form of nanoparticles, nanocrystals or nanosuspensions not requiring expensive
facilities and equipment or complicated processes may be applied as simple
methods to increase the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs. In this
article, we attempted to review the effects of nanosizing on improving the
dissolution rate of poorly aqueous soluble drugs. According to the reviewed
literature, by reduction of drug particle size into nanometer size the total
effective surface area is increased and thereby dissolution rate would be
enhanced. Additionally, reduction of particle size leads to reduction of the
diffusion layer thickness surrounding the drug particles resulting in the
increment of the concentration gradient. Each of these process leads to improved
bioavailability.