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2017 ; 17
(5
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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English Wikipedia
Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Immunosensing
#MMPMID28475158
Pan M
; Gu Y
; Yun Y
; Li M
; Jin X
; Wang S
Sensors (Basel)
2017[May]; 17
(5
): ä PMID28475158
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Electrochemical immunosensors resulting from a combination of the traditional
immunoassay approach with modern biosensors and electrochemical analysis
constitute a current research hotspot. They exhibit both the high selectivity
characteristics of immunoassays and the high sensitivity of electrochemical
analysis, along with other merits such as small volume, convenience, low cost,
simple preparation, and real-time on-line detection, and have been widely used in
the fields of environmental monitoring, medical clinical trials and food
analysis. Notably, the rapid development of nanotechnology and the wide
application of nanomaterials have provided new opportunities for the development
of high-performance electrochemical immunosensors. Various nanomaterials with
different properties can effectively solve issues such as the immobilization of
biological recognition molecules, enrichment and concentration of trace analytes,
and signal detection and amplification to further enhance the stability and
sensitivity of the electrochemical immunoassay procedure. This review introduces
the working principles and development of electrochemical immunosensors based on
different signals, along with new achievements and progress related to
electrochemical immunosensors in various fields. The importance of various types
of nanomaterials for improving the performance of electrochemical immunosensor is
also reviewed to provide a theoretical basis and guidance for the further
development and application of nanomaterials in electrochemical immunosensors.