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Curr HIV/AIDS Rep
2016[Apr]; 13
(2
): 85-94
PMID27002078
show ga
Natural killer (NK) cells play a critical role in viral immunity. In the setting
of HIV infection, epidemiologic and functional evidence support a role for NK
cells in both protection from new infection and in viral control. Specifically,
NK cells directly mediate immune pressure leading to virus evolution, and NK cell
receptor genotypic profiles, clonal repertoires, and functional capacity have all
been implicated in virus containment. In addition, indirect NK cell-mediated
antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity has been linked to vaccine-induced
protective immunity against HIV infection. With recent advances in our
understanding of NK cell deficiency, development, memory-like responses, and
editing of the adaptive immune system, the opportunities to direct and exploit NK
cell antiviral immunity to target HIV have exponentially grown. In this review,
we seek to highlight the intersections between discoveries in basic NK cell
biology and the challenges of HIV chronic infection, vaccine development, and
cure/eradication strategies.
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