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2014 ; 20
(17
): 2838-53
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NADPH oxidases in lung health and disease
#MMPMID24093231
Bernard K
; Hecker L
; Luckhardt TR
; Cheng G
; Thannickal VJ
Antioxid Redox Signal
2014[Jun]; 20
(17
): 2838-53
PMID24093231
show ga
SIGNIFICANCE: The evolution of the lungs and circulatory systems in vertebrates
ensured the availability of molecular oxygen (O2; dioxygen) for aerobic cellular
metabolism of internal organs in large animals. O2 serves as the physiologic
terminal acceptor of mitochondrial electron transfer and of the NADPH oxidase
(Nox) family of oxidoreductases to generate primarily water and reactive oxygen
species (ROS), respectively. RECENT ADVANCES: The purposeful generation of ROS by
Nox family enzymes suggests important roles in normal physiology and adaptation,
most notably in host defense against invading pathogens and in cellular
signaling. CRITICAL ISSUES: However, there is emerging evidence that, in the
context of chronic stress and/or aging, Nox enzymes contribute to the
pathogenesis of a number of lung diseases. FUTURE DIRECTIONS: Here, we review
evolving functions of Nox enzymes in normal lung physiology and emerging
pathophysiologic roles in lung disease.