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2018 ; 187
(3
): 576-584
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Multiple Imputation for Incomplete Data in Epidemiologic Studies
#MMPMID29165547
Harel O
; Mitchell EM
; Perkins NJ
; Cole SR
; Tchetgen Tchetgen EJ
; Sun B
; Schisterman EF
Am J Epidemiol
2018[Mar]; 187
(3
): 576-584
PMID29165547
show ga
Epidemiologic studies are frequently susceptible to missing information. Omitting
observations with missing variables remains a common strategy in epidemiologic
studies, yet this simple approach can often severely bias parameter estimates of
interest if the values are not missing completely at random. Even when
missingness is completely random, complete-case analysis can reduce the
efficiency of estimated parameters, because large amounts of available data are
simply tossed out with the incomplete observations. Alternative methods for
mitigating the influence of missing information, such as multiple imputation, are
becoming an increasing popular strategy in order to retain all available
information, reduce potential bias, and improve efficiency in parameter
estimation. In this paper, we describe the theoretical underpinnings of multiple
imputation, and we illustrate application of this method as part of a
collaborative challenge to assess the performance of various techniques for
dealing with missing data (Am J Epidemiol. 2018;187(3):568-575). We detail the
steps necessary to perform multiple imputation on a subset of data from the
Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1974), where the goal is to estimate the
odds of spontaneous abortion associated with smoking during pregnancy.