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2015 ; 1
(10
): e1500916
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Multiferroicity and skyrmions carrying electric polarization in GaV4S8
#MMPMID26702441
Ruff E
; Widmann S
; Lunkenheimer P
; Tsurkan V
; Bordács S
; Kézsmárki I
; Loidl A
Sci Adv
2015[Nov]; 1
(10
): e1500916
PMID26702441
show ga
Skyrmions are whirl-like topological spin objects with high potential for future
magnetic data storage. A fundamental question that is relevant to both basic
research and application is whether ferroelectric (FE) polarization can be
associated with skyrmions' magnetic texture and whether these objects can be
manipulated by electric fields. We study the interplay between magnetism and
electric polarization in the lacunar spinel GaV4S8, which undergoes a structural
transition associated with orbital ordering at 44 K and reveals a complex
magnetic phase diagram below 13 K, including ferromagnetic, cycloidal, and
Néel-type skyrmion lattice (SkL) phases. We found that the orbitally ordered
phase of GaV4S8 is FE with a sizable polarization of ~1 ?C/cm(2). Moreover, we
observed spin-driven excess polarizations in all magnetic phases; hence, GaV4S8
hosts three different multiferroic phases with coexisting polar and magnetic
order. These include the SkL phase, where we predict a strong spatial modulation
of FE polarization close to the skyrmion cores. By taking into account the
crystal symmetry and spin patterns of the magnetically ordered phases, we
identify exchange striction as the main microscopic mechanism behind the
spin-driven FE polarization in each multiferroic phase. Because GaV4S8 is unique
among known SkL host materials owing to its polar crystal structure and the
observed strong magnetoelectric effect, this study is an important step toward
the nondissipative electric field control of skyrmions.