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2018 ; 7
(2
): ä Nephropedia Template TP
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Morphological Pathways of Mitochondrial Division
#MMPMID29462856
Tandler B
; Hoppel CL
; Mears JA
Antioxidants (Basel)
2018[Feb]; 7
(2
): ä PMID29462856
show ga
Mitochondrial fission is essential for distributing cellular energy throughout
cells and for isolating damaged regions of the organelle that are targeted for
degradation. Excessive fission is associated with the progression of cell death
as well. Therefore, this multistep process is tightly regulated and several
physiologic cues directly impact mitochondrial division. The double membrane
structure of mitochondria complicates this process, and protein factors that
drive membrane scission need to coordinate the separation of both the outer and
inner mitochondrial membranes. In this review, we discuss studies that
characterize distinct morphological changes associated with mitochondrial
division. Specifically, coordinated partitioning and pinching of mitochondria
have been identified as alternative mechanisms associated with fission.
Additionally, we highlight the major protein constituents that drive
mitochondrial fission and the role of connections with the endoplasmic reticulum
in establishing sites of membrane division. Collectively, we review decades of
research that worked to define the molecular framework of mitochondrial fission.
Ongoing studies will continue to sort through the complex network of interactions
that drive this critical event.
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