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2015 ; 112
(35
): 10985-8
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Montsechia, an ancient aquatic angiosperm
#MMPMID26283347
Gomez B
; Daviero-Gomez V
; Coiffard C
; Martín-Closas C
; Dilcher DL
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2015[Sep]; 112
(35
): 10985-8
PMID26283347
show ga
The early diversification of angiosperms in diverse ecological niches is poorly
understood. Some have proposed an origin in a darkened forest habitat and others
an open aquatic or near aquatic habitat. The research presented here centers on
Montsechia vidalii, first recovered from lithographic limestone deposits in the
Pyrenees of Spain more than 100 y ago. This fossil material has been poorly
understood and misinterpreted in the past. Now, based upon the study of more than
1,000 carefully prepared specimens, a detailed analysis of Montsechia is
presented. The morphology and anatomy of the plant, including aspects of its
reproduction, suggest that Montsechia is sister to Ceratophyllum (whenever
cladistic analyses are made with or without a backbone). Montsechia was an
aquatic angiosperm living and reproducing below the surface of the water, similar
to Ceratophyllum. Montsechia is Barremian in age, raising questions about the
very early divergence of the Ceratophyllum clade compared with its position as
sister to eudicots in many cladistic analyses. Lower Cretaceous aquatic
angiosperms, such as Archaefructus and Montsechia, open the possibility that
aquatic plants were locally common at a very early stage of angiosperm evolution
and that aquatic habitats may have played a major role in the diversification of
some early angiosperm lineages.