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2015 ; 10
(12
): e0143973
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Money Affects Theory of Mind Differently by Gender
#MMPMID26633171
Ridinger G
; McBride M
PLoS One
2015[]; 10
(12
): e0143973
PMID26633171
show ga
Theory of Mind (ToM)--the ability to understand other's thoughts, intentions, and
emotions--is important for navigating interpersonal relationships, avoiding
conflict, and empathizing. Prior research has identified many factors that affect
one's ToM ability, but little work has examined how different kinds of monetary
incentives affect ToM ability. We ask: Does money affect ToM ability? If so, how
does the effect depend on the structure of monetary incentives? How do the
differences depend on gender? We hypothesize that money will affect ToM ability
differently by gender: monetary rewards increase males' motivation to express ToM
ability while simultaneously crowding out females' motivation. This prediction is
confirmed in an experiment that varies the structure of monetary rewards for
correct answers in the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). RMET scores
decrease for females and increase for males with individual payments, and this
effect is stronger with competitively-structured payments. RMET scores do not
significantly change when monetary earnings go to a charity. Whether money
improves or hinders ToM ability, and, hence, success in social interactions, thus
depends on the interaction of gender and monetary incentive structure.
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