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2016 ; 53
(7
): 4275-85
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Molecular regulation of hypothalamic development and physiological functions
#MMPMID26223804
Gao Y
; Sun T
Mol Neurobiol
2016[Sep]; 53
(7
): 4275-85
PMID26223804
show ga
The hypothalamus is composed of many heterogeneous nuclei that control distinct
physiological functions. Investigating molecular mechanisms that regulate the
specification of these nuclei and specific neuronal subtypes, and their
contribution to diverse hypothalamic functions, is an exciting research focus.
Here, we begin by summarizing the hypothalamic functions of feeding regulation,
sleep-wake cycles, stress responses, and circadian rhythm, and describing their
anatomical bases. Next, we review the molecular regulation of formation of
hypothalamic territories, specification of nuclei and subnuclei, and generation
of specific neurons. Finally, we highlight physiological and behavioral
consequences of altered hypothalamic development. Identifying molecules that
regulate hypothalamic development and function will increase our understanding of
hypothalamus-related disorders, such as obesity and diabetes, and aid in the
development of therapies aimed specifically at their etiologies.