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2016 ; 17
(1
): 26-33
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Molecular control of activation and priming in macrophages
#MMPMID26681459
Glass CK
; Natoli G
Nat Immunol
2016[Jan]; 17
(1
): 26-33
PMID26681459
show ga
In tissues, macrophages are exposed to metabolic, homeostatic and
immunoregulatory signals of local or systemic origin that influence their basal
functions and responses to danger signals. Signal-transduction pathways regulated
by extracellular signals are coupled to distinct sets of broadly expressed
stimulus-regulated transcription factors whose ability to elicit gene-expression
changes is influenced by the accessibility of their binding sites in the
macrophage genome. In turn, accessibility of macrophage-specific transcriptional
regulatory elements (enhancers and promoters) is specified by transcription
factors that determine the macrophage lineage or impose their tissue-specific
properties. Here we review recent findings that advance the understanding of
mechanisms underlying priming and signal-dependent activation of macrophages and
discuss the effect of genetic variation on these processes.