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2015 ; 479-480
(ä): 672-86
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Molecular biology of hepatitis B virus infection
#MMPMID25759099
Seeger C
; Mason WS
Virology
2015[May]; 479-480
(ä): 672-86
PMID25759099
show ga
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the prototype of a family of small DNA viruses
that productively infect hepatocytes, the major cell of the liver, and replicate
by reverse transcription of a terminally redundant viral RNA, the pregenome. Upon
infection, the circular, partially double-stranded virion DNA is converted in the
nucleus to a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) that assembles into a
minichromosome, the template for viral mRNA synthesis. Infection of hepatocytes
is non-cytopathic. Infection of the liver may be either transient (<6 months) or
chronic and lifelong, depending on the ability of the host immune response to
clear the infection. Chronic infections can cause immune-mediated liver damage
progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The mechanisms of
carcinogenesis are unclear. Antiviral therapies with nucleoside analog inhibitors
of viral DNA synthesis delay sequelae, but cannot cure HBV infections due to the
persistence of cccDNA in hepatocytes.