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2017 ; 26
(3
): 242-248
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Molecular and histological characterization of age spots
#MMPMID27621222
Choi W
; Yin L
; Smuda C
; Batzer J
; Hearing VJ
; Kolbe L
Exp Dermatol
2017[Mar]; 26
(3
): 242-248
PMID27621222
show ga
Age spots, also called solar lentigines and lentigo senilis, are light brown to
black pigmented lesions of various sizes that typically develop in chronically
sun-exposed skin. It is well known that age spots are strongly related to chronic
sun exposure and are associated with photodamage and an increased risk for skin
cancer; however, the mechanisms underlying their development remain poorly
understood. We used immunohistochemical analysis and microarray analysis to
investigate the processes involved in their formation, focusing on specific
markers associated with the functions and proliferation of melanocytes and
keratinocytes. A total of 193 genes were differentially expressed in age spots,
but melanocyte pigment genes were not among them. The increased expression of
keratins 5 and 10, markers of basal and suprabasal keratinocytes, respectively,
in age spots suggests that the increased proliferation of basal keratinocytes
combined with the decreased turnover of suprabasal keratinocytes leads to the
exaggerated formation of rete ridges in lesional epidermis which in turn disrupts
the normal processing of melanin upwards from the basal layer. Based on our
results, we propose a model for the development of age spots that explains the
accumulation of melanin and the development of extensive rete ridges in those
hyperpigmented lesions.