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Molecular and Histopathological Changes Associated with Keratoconus
#MMPMID28251158
Khaled ML
; Helwa I
; Drewry M
; Seremwe M
; Estes A
; Liu Y
Biomed Res Int
2017[]; 2017
(?): 7803029
PMID28251158
show ga
Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal thinning disorder that leads to loss of visual
acuity through ectasia, opacity, and irregular astigmatism. It is one of the
leading indicators for corneal transplantation in the Western countries. KC
usually starts at puberty and progresses until the third or fourth decade;
however its progression differs among patients. In the keratoconic cornea, all
layers except the endothelium have been shown to have histopathological
structural changes. Despite numerous studies in the last several decades, the
mechanisms of KC development and progression remain unclear. Both genetic and
environmental factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of KC. Many previous
articles have reviewed the genetic aspects of KC, but in this review we summarize
the histopathological features of different layers of cornea and discuss the
differentially expressed proteins in the KC-affected cornea. This summary will
help emphasize the major molecular defects in KC and identify additional research
areas related to KC, potentially opening up possibilities for novel methods of KC
prevention and therapeutic intervention.
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