Molecular Pathogenesis of Alzheimer s Disease: An Update
#MMPMID28588356
Sanabria-Castro A
; Alvarado-Echeverrķa I
; Monge-Bonilla C
Ann Neurosci
2017[May]; 24
(1
): 46-54
PMID28588356
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Dementia is a chronic or progressive syndrome, characterized by impaired
cognitive capacity beyond what could be considered a consequence of normal aging.
It affects the memory, thinking process, orientation, comprehension, calculation,
learning ability, language, and judgment; although awareness is usually
unaffected. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia;
symptoms include memory loss, difficulty solving problems, disorientation in time
and space, among others. The disease was first described in 1906 at a conference
in Tubingen, Germany by Alois Alzheimer. One hundred and ten years since its
first documentation, many aspects of the pathophysiology of AD have been
discovered and understood, however gaps of knowledge continue to exist. This
literature review summarizes the main underlying neurobiological mechanisms in
AD, including the theory with emphasis on amyloid peptide, cholinergic
hypothesis, glutamatergic neurotransmission, the role of tau protein, and the
involvement of oxidative stress and calcium.
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