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2016 ; 8
(5
): 333-9
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Mitochondrial vasculopathy
#MMPMID27231520
Finsterer J
; Zarrouk-Mahjoub S
World J Cardiol
2016[May]; 8
(5
): 333-9
PMID27231520
show ga
Mitochondrial disorders (MIDs) are usually multisystem disorders (mitochondrial
multiorgan disorder syndrome) either on from onset or starting at a point during
the disease course. Most frequently affected tissues are those with a high oxygen
demand such as the central nervous system, the muscle, endocrine glands, or the
myocardium. Recently, it has been shown that rarely also the arteries may be
affected (mitochondrial arteriopathy). This review focuses on the type,
diagnosis, and treatment of mitochondrial vasculopathy in MID patients. A
literature search using appropriate search terms was carried out. Mitochondrial
vasculopathy manifests as either microangiopathy or macroangiopathy. Clinical
manifestations of mitochondrial microangiopathy include leukoencephalopathy,
migraine-like headache, stroke-like episodes, or peripheral retinopathy.
Mitochondrial macroangiopathy manifests as atherosclerosis, ectasia of arteries,
aneurysm formation, dissection, or spontaneous rupture of arteries. The diagnosis
relies on the documentation and confirmation of the mitochondrial metabolic
defect or the genetic cause after exclusion of non-MID causes. Treatment is not
at variance compared to treatment of vasculopathy due to non-MID causes.
Mitochondrial vasculopathy exists and manifests as micro- or macroangiopathy.
Diagnosing mitochondrial vasculopathy is crucial since appropriate treatment may
prevent from severe complications.