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2012 ; 26
(6
): 725-38
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Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology in beta-cells
#MMPMID23168275
Stiles L
; Shirihai OS
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab
2012[Dec]; 26
(6
): 725-38
PMID23168275
show ga
Mitochondrial dynamics contribute to the regulation of mitochondrial shape as
well as various mitochondrial functions and quality control. This is of
particular interest in the beta-cell because of the key role mitochondria play in
the regulation of beta-cell insulin secretion function. Moreover, mitochondrial
dysfunction has been suggested to contribute to the development of Type 2
Diabetes. Genetic tools that shift the balance of mitochondrial fusion and
fission result in alterations to beta-cell function and viability. Additionally,
conditions that induce beta-cell dysfunction, such as exposure to a high nutrient
environment, disrupt mitochondrial morphology and dynamics. While it has been
shown that mitochondria display a fragmented morphology in islets of diabetic
patients and animal models, the mechanism behind this is currently unknown. Here,
we review the current literature on mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in the
beta-cell as well as some of the unanswered question in this field.