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2015 ; 347
(6221
): 548-51
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Mitochondrial biology Replication-transcription switch in human mitochondria
#MMPMID25635099
Agaronyan K
; Morozov YI
; Anikin M
; Temiakov D
Science
2015[Jan]; 347
(6221
): 548-51
PMID25635099
show ga
Coordinated replication and expression of the mitochondrial genome is critical
for metabolically active cells during various stages of development. However, it
is not known whether replication and transcription can occur simultaneously
without interfering with each other and whether mitochondrial DNA copy number can
be regulated by the transcription machinery. We found that interaction of human
transcription elongation factor TEFM with mitochondrial RNA polymerase and
nascent transcript prevents the generation of replication primers and increases
transcription processivity and thereby serves as a molecular switch between
replication and transcription, which appear to be mutually exclusive processes in
mitochondria. TEFM may allow mitochondria to increase transcription rates and, as
a consequence, respiration and adenosine triphosphate production without the need
to replicate mitochondrial DNA, as has been observed during spermatogenesis and
the early stages of embryogenesis.