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2016 ; 4
(3
): 259-262
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Mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmy in human health and disease
#MMPMID26998260
Stefano GB
; Kream RM
Biomed Rep
2016[Mar]; 4
(3
): 259-262
PMID26998260
show ga
The biomedical literature has extensively documented the functional roles of
genetic polymorphisms in concert with well-characterized somatic mutations in the
etiology and progression of major metastatic diseases afflicting human
populations. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy exists as a dynamically determined
co-expression of inherited polymorphisms and somatic mutations in varying ratios
within individual mitochondrial DNA genomes with repetitive patterns of tissue
specificity. Mechanistically, carcinogenic cellular processes include profound
alterations of normative mitochondrial function, notably dependence on aerobic
and anaerobic glycolysis, and aberrant production and release of lactate,
according to a classic theory. Within the translational context of human health
and disease, the present review discusses the necessity of establishing critical
foci designed to probe multiple biological roles of mitochondrial heteroplasmy in
cancer biology.