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2015 ; 29
(4
): 490-501
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Minireview: translocator protein (TSPO) and steroidogenesis: a reappraisal
#MMPMID25730708
Selvaraj V
; Stocco DM
; Tu LN
Mol Endocrinol
2015[Apr]; 29
(4
): 490-501
PMID25730708
show ga
The 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO), also known as the peripheral
benzodiazepine receptor, is a transmembrane protein in the outer mitochondrial
membrane. TSPO has long been described as being indispensable for mitochondrial
cholesterol import that is essential for steroid hormone production. In contrast
to this initial proposition, recent experiments reexamining TSPO function have
demonstrated that it is not involved in steroidogenesis. This fundamental change
has forced a reexamination of the functional interpretations made for TSPO that
broadly impacts both basic and clinical research across multiple fields. In this
minireview, we recapitulate the key studies from 25 years of TSPO research and
concurrently examine their limitations that perhaps led towards the incorrect
association of TSPO and steroid hormone production. Although this shift in
understanding raises new questions regarding the molecular function of TSPO,
these recent developments are poised to have a significant positive impact for
research progress in steroid endocrinology.