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2013 ; 3
(3
): 597-611
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Microbial enzymes with special characteristics for biotechnological applications
#MMPMID24970183
Nigam PS
Biomolecules
2013[Aug]; 3
(3
): 597-611
PMID24970183
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This article overviews the enzymes produced by microorganisms, which have been
extensively studied worldwide for their isolation, purification and
characterization of their specific properties. Researchers have isolated specific
microorganisms from extreme sources under extreme culture conditions, with the
objective that such isolated microbes would possess the capability to
bio-synthesize special enzymes. Various Bio-industries require enzymes possessing
special characteristics for their applications in processing of substrates and
raw materials. The microbial enzymes act as bio-catalysts to perform reactions in
bio-processes in an economical and environmentally-friendly way as opposed to the
use of chemical catalysts. The special characteristics of enzymes are exploited
for their commercial interest and industrial applications, which include:
thermotolerance, thermophilic nature, tolerance to a varied range of pH,
stability of enzyme activity over a range of temperature and pH, and other harsh
reaction conditions. Such enzymes have proven their utility in bio-industries
such as food, leather, textiles, animal feed, and in bio-conversions and
bio-remediations.