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MicroRNAs and Their Applications in Kidney Diseases #MMPMID24928414
Badal SS; Danesh FR
Pediatr Nephrol 2015[May]; 30 (5): 727-40 PMID24928414show ga
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs that employ classic Watson-Crick base-pairing to identify their target genes, ultimately resulting in destabilizing their target mRNAs and/or inhibiting their translation. The role of miRNAs in a wide-range of human diseases, including those afflicting the kidney, has been intensely investigated. However there is still a vast dearth of knowledge regarding their specific mode of action and therapeutic effects in various kidney diseases. This review discusses the latest efforts to further our understanding of the basic biology of miRNAs, their impact on various kidney diseases and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic agents. We initially provide an overview of miRNA biology and the canonical pathway implicated in their biogenesis. We will then discuss commonly employed experimental strategies for miRNA research and highlight some of the newly described state-of-the-art technologies to identify miRNAs and their target genes. Finally, we will carefully examine the emerging role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases.