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2016 ; 37
(5
): 571-9
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Metrnl: a secreted protein with new emerging functions
#MMPMID27063217
Zheng SL
; Li ZY
; Song J
; Liu JM
; Miao CY
Acta Pharmacol Sin
2016[May]; 37
(5
): 571-9
PMID27063217
show ga
Secreted proteins play critical roles in physiological and pathological processes
and can be used as biomarkers and therapies for aging and disease. Metrnl is a
novel secreted protein homologous to the neurotrophin Metrn. But this protein,
unlike Metrn that is mainly expressed in the brain, shows a relatively wider
distribution in the body with high levels of expression in white adipose tissue
and barrier tissues. This protein plays important roles in neural development,
white adipose browning and insulin sensitization. Based on its expression and
distinct functions, this protein is also called Cometin, Subfatin and Interleukin
39, which refer to its neurotrophic effect, adipokine function and the possible
action as a cytokine, respectively. The spectrum of Metrnl functions remains to
be determined, and the mechanisms of Metrnl action need to be elucidated. In this
review, we focus on the discovery, structural characteristics, expression pattern
and physiological functions of Metrnl, which will assist in developing this
protein as a new therapeutic target or agent.
|Adipokines/genetics/*metabolism
[MESH]
|Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
[MESH]
|Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
[MESH]
|Animals
[MESH]
|Humans
[MESH]
|Insulin Resistance
[MESH]
|Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics/metabolism
[MESH]