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10.3390/ijms18102197 http://scihub22266oqcxt.onion/10.3390/ijms18102197 C5666878!5666878 !29065550     free     free     free Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Deprecated: Implicit conversion from float 209.6 to int loses precision in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 534 Warning: imagejpeg(C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\phplern\29065550 .jpg): Failed to open stream: No such file or directory in C:\Inetpub\vhosts\kidney.de\httpdocs\pget.php on line 117       Int+J+Mol+Sci 2017 ; 18 (10 ): ä Nephropedia Template TP {{tp|p=29065550 |t=2017. Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection |pdf=|usr=}}{{29065550 }} gab.com Text Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection JO: Int J Mol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29065550 #FOAvip Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of metal-binding proteins virtually expressed in all organisms including prokaryotes, lower eukaryotes, invertebrates and mammals. These proteins regulate homeostasis of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), mitigate heavy metal poisoning, and alleviate superoxide stress. In recent years, MTs have emerged as an important, yet largely underappreciated, component of the immune system. Innate and adaptive immune cells regulate MTs in response to stress stimuli, cytokine signals and microbial challenge. Modulation of MTs in these cells in turn regulates metal ion release, transport and distribution, cellular redox status, enzyme function and cell signaling. While it is well established that the host strictly regulates availability of metal ions during microbial pathogenesis, we are only recently beginning to unravel the interplay between metal-regulatory pathways and immunological defenses. In this perspective, investigation of mechanisms that leverage the potential of MTs to orchestrate inflammatory responses and antimicrobial defenses has gained momentum. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to illumine the role of MTs in immune regulation. We discuss the mechanisms of MT induction and signaling in immune cells and explore the therapeutic potential of the MT-Zn axis in bolstering immune defenses against pathogens. Twit Text FOAVip Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection ????Int J Mol Sci http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29065550 #FOAvip Twit Text # Free Paper on # # # # # LINK http://www.kidney.de/pget.php?&tw=1&pmid=29065550 #FOAvip English Wikipedia <ref>{{Cite pmid|29065550 }}</ref> Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection #MMPMID29065550 Subramanian Vignesh K ; Deepe GS Jr Int J Mol Sci 2017[Oct]; 18 (10 ): ä PMID29065550 show ga Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of metal-binding proteins virtually expressed in all organisms including prokaryotes, lower eukaryotes, invertebrates and mammals. These proteins regulate homeostasis of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), mitigate heavy metal poisoning, and alleviate superoxide stress. In recent years, MTs have emerged as an important, yet largely underappreciated, component of the immune system. Innate and adaptive immune cells regulate MTs in response to stress stimuli, cytokine signals and microbial challenge. Modulation of MTs in these cells in turn regulates metal ion release, transport and distribution, cellular redox status, enzyme function and cell signaling. While it is well established that the host strictly regulates availability of metal ions during microbial pathogenesis, we are only recently beginning to unravel the interplay between metal-regulatory pathways and immunological defenses. In this perspective, investigation of mechanisms that leverage the potential of MTs to orchestrate inflammatory responses and antimicrobial defenses has gained momentum. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to illumine the role of MTs in immune regulation. We discuss the mechanisms of MT induction and signaling in immune cells and explore the therapeutic potential of the MT-Zn axis in bolstering immune defenses against pathogens. |Animals [MESH] |Cytokines [MESH] |Humans [MESH] |Immune System/*metabolism [MESH] |Infections/*metabolism [MESH] |Metallothionein/*immunology/metabolism [MESH] |Metals/metabolism [MESH]Metallothioneins: Emerging Modulators in Immunity and Infection (epmc).pdf DeepDyve Pubget Overpricing