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2013 ; 36
(3
): 299-309
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Merkel cell carcinoma
#MMPMID21422993
Ramahi E
; Choi J
; Fuller CD
; Eng TY
Am J Clin Oncol
2013[Jun]; 36
(3
): 299-309
PMID21422993
show ga
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, clinically aggressive cutaneous
neuroendocrine neoplasm with a high mortality rate. Though the etiology is not
precisely known, Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA has been found recently in a large
percentage of MCC tumors. Other suggested risk factors include sun exposure,
immunosuppression, and a history of prior malignancy. Work up of patients with
MCC most notably includes nodal staging via clinical examination or sentinel
lymph node biopsy. The prognosis for most patients with MCC is poor, and the
rarity of MCC precludes the prospective, randomized clinical trials necessary to
elucidate optimum treatment protocols. Most published data support the use of a
multimodality approach centered around surgical excision with negative margins,
sentinel lymph node biopsy to establish the presence or absence of nodal
metastases, adjuvant radiothearpy to decrease the risk of recurrence, and
systemic chemotherapy in the case of widespread disease.